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- <text id=91TT0174>
- <title>
- Jan. 28, 1991: Hastening The End Of The Empire
- </title>
- <history>
- TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1991
- Jan. 28, 1991 War In The Gulf
- </history>
- <article>
- <source>Time Magazine</source>
- <hdr>
- WORLD, Page 84
- SOVIET UNION
- Hastening the End of the Empire
- </hdr><body>
- <p>Despite the crackdown in Lithuania, Georgia is intent on
- independence, even if it is the next on Moscow's hit list
- </p>
- <p> Shaking their fists defiantly, protesters last week massed
- at the government house in Tbilisi, capital of the Georgian
- republic, chanting, "Lithuania! Lithuania! Lithuania!" For this
- fiercely independent nation of 5.4 million in the Caucasus, the
- troubles in the Baltics far to the north seemed alarmingly
- near. Georgians had already felt the Kremlin's determination
- to keep the union intact, when Soviet paratroopers armed with
- sharpened spades brutally dispersed a nationalist demonstration
- in April 1989, killing 20 people. Just as the Baltic states
- showed support in that hour of crisis, Georgians embraced the
- tragedy in Vilnius last week as if it were their own.
- </p>
- <p> "It is impossible to preserve an empire by democratic
- means!" cried a speaker at the rally. Zviad Gamsakhurdia,
- chairman of the parliament in Tbilisi and leader of the
- republic's drive for independence, urged Georgians--and all
- ethnic peoples in the Caucasian melting pot--to set aside
- their differences and join in opposition to the Kremlin. But
- he warned against giving way to provocations or taking up arms
- alone.
- </p>
- <p> Georgians have every reason to be worried that they may be
- high on Moscow's target list. The republic has been on a
- collision course with the Kremlin ever since Gamsakhurdia's
- nationalist coalition won an election victory last October. The
- first acts of the new parliament were to drop the words Soviet
- and Socialist from the republic's name and inaugurate a
- transitional period to full independence. Georgia has announced
- that it will not sign the new Union Treaty proposed by
- Gorbachev and has sent only 10% of its quota of conscripts to
- the armed forces. Says deputy parliamentary chairman Akaki
- Asatiani: "We make no secret of the fact that we are
- anticommunists committed to Georgian independence."
- </p>
- <p> Fears are widespread that Moscow is creating a pretext for
- a military crackdown by inflaming unrest in the South Ossetian
- Autonomous Region, an ethnic enclave created for the Ossetians
- as a reward for their political loyalty after the Bolsheviks
- took control of the republic in 1921. Last September, as the
- rest of Georgia was moving toward independence, the South
- Ossetian regional council declared the area to be a "Soviet
- Democratic Republic" loyal to Moscow. The parliament in Tbilisi
- responded by dissolving the autonomous region altogether.
- Conflicts between the Georgian police and local separatists have
- resulted in at least 12 deaths.
- </p>
- <p> Two weeks ago, Gorbachev struck down both legislative acts
- and gave the Georgians three days to withdraw their "armed
- formations" from South Ossetia. Gamsakhurdia rejected the
- ultimatum. "We understand," he told Moscow, "that you have the
- power at your disposal to try to suppress the national
- independence movement in Georgia. But what would be the price
- of that victory? And would it be a victory?" A visiting Soviet
- parliamentary commission hinted last week that Moscow might be
- willing to allow Georgian police to remain in the region but
- wanted guarantees of its "cultural autonomy."
- </p>
- <p> Georgians remain suspicious of the Kremlin's intentions.
- They are worried that the gulf war gives the central government
- an excuse, under the guise of a military "alert," to reinforce
- troops in the republic, which shares a border with Turkey. If
- tanks should roll, they have vowed to take to the streets to
- defend their right to autonomy--whatever the risks.
- </p>
- <p>By John Kohan/Tbilisi.
- </p>
-
- </body></article>
- </text>
-
-